Vriksai Timber Intelligence

Smalian FormulaTwo-End Area Volume Calculator

Calculates log volume using the average of two end cross-sectional areas multiplied by length. Standard in Scandinavia, used in India IS 1902, and common in international timber research.

Two-End Area MethodIS 1902 IndiaNewton ComparisonForest InventoryPDF Report

Smalian Formula

Two-End Area Volume Calculator

Unit System and Species

Unit System

Wood Species

Bark Status

Log End Diameters

Large-End Diameter D1 (butt)

Small-End Diameter D2 (top)

Log Length

metres

Bark Thickness - Large End

Bark Thickness - Small End

Number of Logs

logs

Smalian Volume Results

Smalian Volume

Huber Volume

Newton (most accurate)

Est. Weight

Cross-Section Areas

Area A1 (large end)-

Area A2 (small end)-

Mean area (A1+A2)/2-

Method Comparison

Smalian (avg 2 ends)-

Huber (mid-section)-

Newton (most accurate)-

Formula Trace

About Smalian Formula

Named after Christian Smalian (1838). Calculates volume as the arithmetic mean of two end cross-sectional areas multiplied by length. Standard in Scandinavia, used in India IS 1902:2015, and common in timber cruising worldwide. Tends to overestimate for highly tapered logs - compare with Huber and Newton for accuracy.

Where Used?

IS 1902 IndiaScandinaviaForest InventoryExport DocumentationAcademic Research

Formulas

Smalian: V = ((A1 + A2) / 2) x L A = pi x (D/200)^2 D in cm, L in mHuber: V = A_mid x L A_mid at midpointNewton: V = (A1 + 4 x A_mid + A2) / 6 x L most accurate

FAQ

Smalian vs Huber - which is more accurate?

Smalian overestimates for tapered logs because the butt end is disproportionately large. Huber (mid-section) is more accurate for typical taper. Newton is most accurate. IS 1902 India prefers Huber as primary method.

Smalian FormulaTwo-End Area Volume Calculator

Smalian Formula

About Smalian Formula

Where Used?

Formulas

FAQ

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