Skip to content
Request a ToolBrowse all tools
Home / Formulas / Trade & Commercial Formulas
49 Formulas

Trade & Commercial Formulas

Volume, pricing, yield and import-cost equations.

Volumetric Weight Calculator

Open the Volumetric Weight Calculator →
Volumetric Weight Calculator
Actual weight = Volume (m3) x Density (kg/m3)
Used in Volumetric Weight Calculator
Volumetric Weight Calculator
Volumetric weight = Volume (m3) x Dimensional factor
Used in Volumetric Weight Calculator
Volumetric Weight Calculator
Chargeable weight = max(Actual, Volumetric)
Used in Volumetric Weight Calculator
Typical dim factors
Air ~167, Road ~333, Sea ~1000 kg/m3
Used in Volumetric Weight Calculator
Volumetric Weight Calculator
(Air uses 1m3 = 167kg; i.e. 6000 cm3 per kg)
Used in Volumetric Weight Calculator

Sealer Cost Calculator

Open the Sealer Cost Calculator →
Sealer Cost Calculator
Total area = Surface area x Number of coats
Used in Sealer Cost Calculator
Sealer Cost Calculator
Litres needed = (Total area / Coverage rate) x (1 + loss%)
Used in Sealer Cost Calculator
Sealer Cost Calculator
Packs = ceil(Litres needed / Pack size)
Used in Sealer Cost Calculator
Sealer Cost Calculator
Total cost = Packs x Price per pack
Used in Sealer Cost Calculator
Sealer Cost Calculator
Cost per m2 = Total cost / Surface area
Used in Sealer Cost Calculator

Import Cost Calculator

Open the Import Cost Calculator →
Import Cost Calculator
CIF = (FOB x qty) + Freight + Insurance
Used in Import Cost Calculator
Import Cost Calculator
Basic Customs Duty (BCD) = Duty% x CIF
Used in Import Cost Calculator
Import Cost Calculator
Social Welfare Surcharge = 10% x BCD
Used in Import Cost Calculator
Import Cost Calculator
IGST = IGST% x (CIF + BCD + SWS)
Used in Import Cost Calculator
Import Cost Calculator
Landed = CIF + BCD + SWS + IGST + Clearing
Used in Import Cost Calculator

Janka Database Tool

Open the Janka Database Tool →
Janka test
force to embed steel ball to half diameter
Used in Janka Database Tool
US/India unit
pounds-force (lbf)
Used in Janka Database Tool
EU/Metric unit (EN 1534)
Newtons (N)
Used in Janka Database Tool
Conversion
1 lbf = 4.44822 N
Used in Janka Database Tool
Janka Database Tool
Hardness ratio = Janka A / Janka B
Used in Janka Database Tool

Container Optimizer

Open the Container Optimizer →
20ft GP
5898 x 2352 x 2393 mm, ~28.2 t payload, 33.2 m3
Used in Container Optimizer
40ft HC
12032 x 2352 x 2698 mm, ~26.5 t payload, 76.4 m3
Used in Container Optimizer
Container Optimizer
Fit by volume = floor fits x fill factor (best of 6 rotations)
Used in Container Optimizer
Container Optimizer
Fit by weight = floor(Payload / Package weight)
Used in Container Optimizer
Container Optimizer
Actual = minimum of volume-fit and weight-fit
Used in Container Optimizer

Lumber Price Converter

Open the Lumber Price Converter →
Lumber Price Converter
Price per m3 = Price per unit / Volume_factor of that unit
Used in Lumber Price Converter
Lumber Price Converter
Target price = Price per m3 x Volume_factor of target unit
Used in Lumber Price Converter
Lumber Price Converter
Total value = Quantity (in m3) x Price per m3
Used in Lumber Price Converter
Lumber Price Converter
1 m3 = 35.3147 CFT, so price/m3 = price/CFT x 35.3147
Used in Lumber Price Converter

NHLA Calculator

Open the NHLA Calculator →
NHLA Calculator
Surface Measure (SM) = (Length_ft x Width_in) / 12, rounded
Used in NHLA Calculator
NHLA Calculator
Clear yield % = (Clear cutting area / Total face area) x 100
Used in NHLA Calculator
FAS
minimum 83.3% clear (10/12)
Used in NHLA Calculator
No. 1 Common
minimum 66.7% (8/12)
Used in NHLA Calculator
No. 2A Common
50% (6/12) | No. 3A: 33.3% (4/12)
Used in NHLA Calculator

Yield Estimator

Open the Yield Estimator →
Yield Estimator
Output volume = Input volume x Recovery rate
Used in Yield Estimator
Yield Estimator
Waste volume = Input volume - Output volume
Used in Yield Estimator
Yield Estimator
Waste % = (1 - Recovery rate) x 100
Used in Yield Estimator
Yield Estimator
Effective output cost = Input cost / Recovery rate
Used in Yield Estimator
Typical
log to green sawn ~65%, log to finished ~42%
Used in Yield Estimator

Volume Converter

Open the Volume Converter →
Volume Converter
1 Cubic Foot (CFT) = 0.0283168 m3
Used in Volume Converter
Volume Converter
1 Board Foot (BF) = 144 cubic inches = 0.00235974 m3
Used in Volume Converter
Volume Converter
1 Hoppus Foot = 1.273 cubic feet = 0.0279797 m3
Used in Volume Converter
Volume Converter
Conversion = (Amount x From_factor) / To_factor
Used in Volume Converter
Volume Converter
1 m3 = 35.3147 CFT = 423.78 Board Feet
Used in Volume Converter

Waste Margin Calculator

Open the Waste Margin Calculator →
Waste Margin Calculator
Retention = (1-defect%) x (1-process%) x (1-cutting%)
Used in Waste Margin Calculator
Waste Margin Calculator
Gross before safety = Final qty / Retention
Used in Waste Margin Calculator
Waste Margin Calculator
To order = Gross x (1 + safety%)
Used in Waste Margin Calculator
Waste Margin Calculator
Total waste = To order - Final qty
Used in Waste Margin Calculator
Note
losses multiply - 10%+10%+10% leaves 72.9%, not 70%
Used in Waste Margin Calculator

Common questions

Where do these formulas come from?

Every formula on this page comes from a published source — standards, handbooks or long-established trade rules for timber trade and costing. The source is named next to each formula. Nothing here is invented by us.

Can I use these formulas in my own spreadsheets or software?

Yes. The formulas themselves are public knowledge and free to use anywhere. If our page helped you, a link back is appreciated but not required.

Are the calculators on this site using these exact formulas?

Yes. Each calculator runs the formula shown here, and automated tests check the results against worked examples from the original sources before anything goes live.